Lesson on Tuesday, January 24th, 2017

Aim: How did Americans' disillusionment with World War I help shape U.S. foreign policy during the1920s?

Bell Ringer: Answer the questions at the bottom of B2, B3, B4, and B5

Objectives:

1. Students will examine the impact of United States foreign economic policy during the 1920s.

2. Students will describe efforts by the United States and other world powers to avoid future wars.

Agenda:

1. Bell Ringer (12 min)
2. Complete League of Nations discussion, reflecting on your responses on the handout, compare them to the ones listed:

Possible arguments:
Wilson would say:
• Lodge is nationalistic and small-minded.
• The U.S. needs to create global and international relations; must work together with other countries.
• We need to try to prevent future wars.
Lodge would say:
• Wilson is really naïve.
• The U.S. needs to take care of itself first.
• There is no way that other nations are going to look out for American interests.
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3. Activity - The Quest for Peace: A determination to prevent the outbreak of future wars led Americans to embrace international treaties for the limitation of armaments and for outlawing war. In this activity, students will consider two of the most famous of these agreements of the 1920s, the Five Power Treaty of 1922 and the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928.

o Divide the class into an even number of small groups. Assign half of the groups the following set of documents relating to the Five-Power Treaty signed at the Washington Naval Conference. Excerpts are available on the attached documents, titled, “The Quest for Peace – Part 1” (Attachment D).
§ Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, "Manifesto on Disarmament," October 1921
§ William E. Borah, "Disarmament," September 1921 § Conference on the Limitation of Armament, 1922
§ A Naval View of the Washington Treaties, April 1922, William Howard Gardiner o

Assign the remaining groups the following set of documents concerning the Kellogg-Briand Pact. The documents are available on the attached document, titled, “The Quest for Peace – Part 2” (Attachment E).

§ Robert Lansing, "The Fallacy of 'Outlaw War'," August 16, 1924 § William E. Borah, "Public Opinion Outlaws War," September 13, 1924
§ Kellogg-Briand Pact, 1928
§ Address by Edwin Borchard, "Renunciation of War," August 22, 1928
o Students are to pretend that they are presidential advisors who have been selected to review one these treaties to predict its potential effectiveness.
Students are to read the documents provided and write a briefing to the president detailing their findings. A form has been provided for this briefing report, and is available on the attached documents, titled, “Five Power Treaty Briefing” (Attachment F) that relates to the Five Power Treaty and “Kellogg Briand Pact Briefing” that relates to the Kellogg Briand Pact (Attachment G).


4. Once students have completed their briefing papers, which may be used as a graded assignment, reassemble students into their groups to discuss their conclusions. Students should come up with a list of positive and negative observations from their documents. To conclude, have a class discussion in which a master list of these positives and negatives is created. How effective do students think these measures would be in preventing the outbreak of future wars?



Home Learning: Complete "Chapter 9: Prosperity, Depression, and War"